The True Story About Paper Writers Cheap That the Experts Dont Want You to Hear

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Daily Life In Rome Essay Example For Students

Daily Life In Rome Essay by Zach Aumage4/29/99Roman life was very interesting. The Romans had one of the bestcultures. They lived in the best city of their time.In the following youwill learn about the daily life of Romans including: Rome, Looks, Children,The house, and Romans Activities. The city all Romans lived in was of course Rome. Rome was a veryfast growing civilized city. Living in Rome was crowded and busy. Therewas a ten mile circumference of the city. Because Rome grew quicklypast its ten mile line, anyone who lived beyond it had to take care of theroad in front of his house. At birth you are put at you fathers feet for him to accept orreject.(Jonston 156) If you were rejected you were either sold into slaveryor put in a place where people would find you. If you were accepted youstayed with your parents. On your ninth day of existence you werepurified, given gifts, and had a sacrifice given in your favor. A Romanchilds first form of education is from the childs parents. Later there isan elementary type of education where you learn to read write and knowyour numbers. Then there is a high school equivalent for some. Fewpeople had higher education but it was available. School was only untilnoon. The house is the most important possession for most people. TheRoman house was clean and orderly, your slaves cleaned it every day. Allof your meals are served to you in your house. The Roman houses weremade of rock with tile roof. Those are not very interesting colors, sopeople would make the house more beautiful with flowers or paintings. Most houses did have those things and some had intricate tiles orwidows. The rich persons home would have many people in it becausethey would have many children and slaves.To house all these peoplethere had to be many rooms. There could be many bedrooms, workshops, kitchens, closets and latrines. Poor people had one roomhouses with dirt floors. To bring water in the home you could have ahole in the ceiling that catches rain or in rich peoples cased you couldhave direct aqueduct access. (Jonston 89) The Roman people have been described as very attractive. Theywere muscular and fit. The clothes the men wore were a toga, a tunicand shoes. Women would wear a stole, a tunic, and shoes. The Romanman had long shaggy hair and a long beard before 146BC. After 146BCMen would have well trimmed hair and clean shaven faces.(Quennel 219) Women would have long hair. They could occasionally dye or tease yourhair.Sometimes you would wear. Outside workers would always wear ahat called a pilleu. If you traveled you would wear a hat called a petasus. Romans weredarker than Americans. If you worked outside you would be darker and ifyou worked inside you would be lighter. When it rained you would pullyour toga up over your head for protection. Children would haveshoulder length hair. The activities that Romans did during the day were various. TheRoman day started at the rising of the sun. When you got up your slavesalready were cleaning the house. You would eat a small breakfast and goabout your day. The were accompanied to school, the master of thehouse would go to work and the masters wife would start her dailyerrands. At noon every one came home and ate a small lunch. Whenthey were done they took a two hour nap. After your nap you would notgo back to work or school, the afternoon was yours. You could go to agladiator fight or a chariot race in a coliseum, or go to a bath. Bathswere public places to relax. Men had male baths and women had femalebaths. In the evening you would eat your last meal and be off to bedbecause there was no way to light the house efficiently.A major daily activity was going to baths. Many women and menwould go to baths, some baths were just for women and some were justfor men.(Jonston p. 137) Inside the bath house there was a tub for hotwater and a tub for cold water. These are the steps of going to a bath:first you pass through the frigidarium (cold tub) then you go to thechanging room where you take off all your cloths and give your valuablesto the attendant. Lastly you go to the heated chambers where the poolis, in the heated chambers you start profusely sweating. Some of thethings you could do in the pool house were talk, get massages, exercise,or play games. There were similar places for women. Careers of Romans were somewhat limited but available. The mostpopular job of the Romans was the job of public man.(Kenneth 41) If youwere of the humbler class you would be in teaching or medicine. If youwere of the equestrian class you would be in commerce, contracts orfinancial business. The jobs in the government buildings were highpaying. The most wanted job of the time was scribe. Romans had a great civilization and lived good lives. The Romanswere the most intelligent people of their time. They had people makegiant buildings that lasted a long time. Their civilization lasted for a longtime but eventually fell. BibliographyJonston Mary, Roman LIfe, Chicago,Scott Forsman and Company, 1947Mathews D Kenneth, The Early Romans,New York, McGraw Hill Book Co., 1975Showerman Grant, Rome and the Romans,New York, The Macmillan Company, 1931Quennel Marjorie, Everyday Life in Roman and Anglo Saxon Times,Great Brittain, Jarold and Sons LTD, 1959

Cloning Essays (674 words) - Cloning, Molecular Biology, Genetics

Cloning Cloning: Recently, we have all seen the controversy over whether or not we should attempt to clone. If you haven't heard: A group of scientists in Scotland announced the birth of a sheep cloned from embryonic cells, presaging Dolly. Dolly's was the birth heard round the world. The first mammal ever cloned from a single adult cell, she was living proof that scientists had solved one of the most challenging problems of cell biology. Her creation raised a troubling question: Can humans, too, be cloned? And if so, Should humans be able to play God? Cloning has been an idea that the world has awaited and feared for decades. Cloning has been around since the 1950s when 2 scientists made a frog from tadpole cells. In the 60s, scientists cloned frogs again, but this time using cells from older tadpoles. What has just happened recently is the cloning of a mammal. The sheep named Dolly. A MAMMAL born from a single adult cell. The question is: Is cloning good or evil? Some say this is one of th e most remarkable breakthroughs of science history. Man Creates Life. Amazing. But, let's rethink this.. Is the ability for man to create life (in a sense play god), is this a good thing or a bad thing? Why would it be a bad thing? This is an incredible breakthrough of scientific history. This area of microbiology needs to be further explored. There are several advantages that cloning may serve. A child needs a bone marrow transplant within the next two years. You could clone a copy and retrieve the bone marrow. Cloning would give lesbians a way to bear a biological descendant without visiting the spermbank. Perhaps the army could breed stronger, braver soldiers to use just for battle. Let's look at the advantages to cloning mammals: A farmer could clone his prize cow over and over making several copies of it, producing better milk with more nutrients. A shepard could clone the sheep with the best wool and he wouldn't need as many sheep. We could clone endangered species, making the m no longer endangered. The list of benefits are endless. I realize that cloning is immoral to many people. The power of a creationism has become ours, in a sense. Many are skeptical of this science but the future will reveal that it is going to become more and more researched. Some against the research say that we are putting the power of God into the hands of humans. I would like to remind you that human cloning has not been done yet. It will be up to science to determine if human cloning can be done. It is up to the rest of us to determine if it should be. In a recent survey : 7% of the participants said that they would clone themselves if they had the chance, while 91% said no. 74% feel that it is against God's will to clone human beings while 19% said no. But who are we to judge God? Are humans God? Does the story of existence state: God creates earth, God creates life, man creates life, man creates life, man creates life, man creates life, and so on. If God creates man, and ma n creates life, who is God? These questions will be debated over for years and years to come. Experts predict that at this rate, the first human infant will be born in about 7 years. In the mean time, we will have to resolve the biggest, if not bigger debate then evolution. If this happens, are we going to play God? Mammal cloning is probably the biggest step in microbiology ever. The benefits of cloning for good, outweigh cloning for evil. Is cloning to benefit people, evil? What lies ahead in the future of cloning and microbiology? Hopefully more solutions. Until then, we will have a divide of people questioning the morality of this, and people questioning the validity of Creationism. What is next after cloning? Who knows? Only God? Medicine and Health Care

Surviving the Mountain essays

Surviving the Mountain essays Throughout my life I have spent a good amount of time in the wilderness and I've learned a lot of lessons while there. I learned the most when I was fourteen and spent five weeks at a wilderness camp in Durango, Colorado. We did everything from horseback riding to canoe trips to learning what water we should and shouldn't drink. We even had a emergency while scaling down a mountain when a fellow camper created an avalanche because he took a wrong path down the mountain. He was struck in the back by a small bolder so the other campers and I built a makeshift gurney from our backpack frames to carry him down the mountain. He was later air lifted by helicopter from the base of the mountain and fortunately he wasn't significantly injured. Never the less, my experience on that mountain taught me a lot about mental strength and staying calm while under stress. Even with the danger I encountered, I wouldn't change a thing about my time in Durango. In fact, it prepared me for what I was to f ace my senior year of high school during what was meant to be a bonding experience in the Stanislaus National Forest. Alex was in my high school class and went with us to Stanislaus National Forest. He was normally a quiet guy but was fired up during an impromptu game of pigskin. I don't even remember who threw the pass, but I can still see Alex stretched out for the ball, accidentally wedging his foot under a log that was hidden in the tall grass. The log stopped him in his path like a doorstop. Alex yelled out in pain immediately as he grabbed his ankle. I could tell this was no small sprain. It was the worst case scenario. What had once started as a bonding experience had now turned into a rescue mission. It was earlier that morning I had looked around my surroundings in a almost guilty manner knowing how lucky I was to be experiencing Mother Nature and the beautiful views. Once we had come to conclusion Alex's ankle was probably broken, ...

Target Corporation Supply Chain Managment Research Paper

Target Corporation Supply Chain Managment - Research Paper Example This merchandise is transferred to the regional offices through rail or trucks. The regional offices are responsible for providing merchandise to more than 1700 stores of the company located in different states of US. The effective of Target supply chain is responsible to meet the customers demand, and the company has complete control of its merchandise immediate after the arrival of its shipment (Tirschwell, 2008). Product and Service Specification Product Specification Target being a highest discount retailer is spread in a wide range of products in the utility section. From house hold goods to dry items, from food items to cosmetics there is a big variety of products which Target offers (Target, 2012). Service Specifications Target Corporation being a merger with Associated Merchandising Corporation (AMC) has globalized its service network in discount retail section. In the retail section, Target is divided in three categories of services Target Greatland (shoes and clothing), Tar get stores (utility services) and Super Target (marts). With conventional product line and with advanced value adding methods, Target has retrieved maximum sales potential by such efficient service administration (Target Corporation , 2012). The company has spread in branches where each branch is working as a separate service unit for effective and substantial service management (Target Corporation , 2012). Order Processing and Management Target’s corporation has advanced order processing methods. CMMS (computerized maintenance management system) is applied in distribution and order processing sections. Maximo is the system which identifies orders on CMMS to send them to different vendors. This is how Target connects from one supply chain function (distribution center) to another (vendors) in a cost effective manner. Maximo carries general order information and order notifications to distribution centers to provide real time service to the customer (Target Corporation , 2012) . Value Delivery Options Target being the highest discount retailer is famous on discounts price offers. With valuable discount offerings, Target is able to win customer’s perception in quite extensive manner, as customers get both things quality and service in high discount rates from Target stores. All such open value delivery options for Target Corporation and make its products and services a top priority in the customer’s perception (Target Corporation , 2012). Procurement Procurement is the starting function of a supply chain process. The larger the company is like Target, the broad is its circle of procurement and vendors (Blanchard, 2010). With the application of EDI software on procurement, Target connects with other merchandisers in a cost effective manner. This is to control and management procurement function and to bring right vendors at the right time of reception. Associations like National Minority Supplier Development Council, National Veteran Owned Bus iness Association or US Hispanic Chamber of Commerce supports target to achieve its diversified supplier and procurement goals. This is how Target settles in vendors system of procurement (Target Corporation, 2012). Inventory Management Inventory management comes at the fifth position of

Advertising strategies - Denim jeans Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advertising strategies - Denim jeans - Assignment Example Both market and product segmentation are beneficial to the company in various ways. In order to achieve maximum benefits, some segments in Denim can be helpful. For example, the company can break down its market using demographics where women are grouped according to their ethnicity, income, age, education, marital status and even occupation. For example, for the young people, the company can decide on coming up with fashionable jeans just for this group. The company can also decide to segment the market based on psychographics, where such things as attitudes personality, lifestyle and even hobbies are used to segment the market. Segmenting in such presented manners would not only change the grouping of the product, but advertising would also be changed according to the needs of each of the segment. This would include changes in the information contained in the adverts, but also the budget used in advertising since some segments would require much budgets than others (Farkas, 2011). The media’s aim is for effective and efficient delivery of messages intended to reach the audience. Efficiency is needed in order to deliver the message at lower costs than before meaning that it is common for advertisers to choose mediums that are cost effective in their advertising. This must be done in such a way that quite a number of people are reached using the lowest cost possible. Effectiveness, on the other hand means that influence and enhancing of the message is needed and the correct media for this is needed too. Therefore, reach and frequency must be incorporated by media planners in order to achieve the balance of effectiveness and efficiency. Reach is seen as the number of people and households that a certain media is able to reach or that are exposed to this specific media. Frequency, on the other hand, refers to the times that the discussed people or households are contacted or reached by a

Theories Of Organisational Communication Social Work Essay

Theories Of Organisational Communication Social Work Essay Attraction- selection attrition framework; In Attraction, everyone is different, people are differently attracted to a career for different reasons, this could be their passion, helping and/or looking after people could make them happy and fulfilled, even if they just want to try different job, and this is depending on their personality to choose the organization they want. In Selection, in organization the Manager chooses who she thinks will qualified for the job, with the same interest, goals, and personal reasons. Attrition, this is the complete opposite of attraction, where the people who didnt qualify, or found that they are not happy with the organization, management, job tend to leave, only those people who have the same ideas, interest, fits in the job chose to stay. A very good example is in the residential home I used to work, Id chose that residential home to apply because of a good reputation. The manager hired me because she thinks have got the qualification they are loo king for, and I can contribute to the organization. I and the other lady started working as a Induction carer, 3 days after the manager talked to me, and told me my colleagues are happy working with me and I can start working as a regular carer, working on my own. The sad part was, the new lady didnt appear two days after. http://www.utwente.nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Public%20Relations,%20Advertising,%20Marketing%20and%20Consumer%20Behavior/Attraction-Selection-Attrition_Framework(ASA).doc/ There are many types of organizational communication. Individuals communicate with peers, superiors, and subordinates within the organization. Managers manage through communication. Employee communication departments attempt to inform and/or secure cooperation; from employees. Labour relations specialists deal with labour unions. Formal and informal communication takes place between departments and role occupants throughout the organization. Public relations specialists communicate to external audiences about the organization in general,and advertising departments communicate to consumers about the organizations products and services. Change agents; and other organizational representatives communicate with clients and community representatives. Finally, organizations communicate with other organizations which generally share common problems or values. In groupthink or team work, a manager or team leader should be sensitive, open to accept suggestions from your subordinates in order t o meet the target goal. Working in groups are building blocks for meeting organization goals.   Managers should also consider ways to develop leadership in team members.   Training for versatility in leadership styles through workshops could encourage this growth.   Encouraging self-growth through concept of motivation. Task 2 Report Catherine Lodge is a residential care home that aims to provide continuous professional care to all its residents within a safe, friendly and relaxed environment. It caters up to 39 elderly residents providing each individual with a personal form of service derived from a carefully formulated care plan that meets their needs. This is provided both in short and long term basis depending on each individual. Since each resident has specific needs that range from physical, psychological, social or spiritual needs on a 24 hour basis it requires a certain level of personnel to facilitate this. Show me the money! Well, thats what financial data do. They show you the money. They show you where a companys money came from, where it went, and where it is now. There are four main financial data. They are: (1)  balance sheets; (2)  income statements; (3)  cash flow statements; and (4)  statements of shareholders equity. Balance sheets show what a company owns and what it owes at a fixed point in time. Income statements show how much money a company made and spent over a period of time. Cash flow statements show the exchange of money between a company and the outside world also over a period of time. The fourth financial statement, called a statement of shareholders equity, shows changes in the interests of the companys shareholders over time. A balance sheet provides detailed information of companys asset, liabilities and shareholders equity. Assets are things that company owns that have value. They can either be sold or used by the company to provide services that can also be sold. It also includes physical property of the residents that can/cant be touched but nevertheless exist and have value. Liabilities are amounts of money that a company owes to others e.g. all kinds of obligations like borrowed money from a bank,payroll a company owes to its employees, environmental costs, taxes owed, and obligations to provide good quality of services. Shareholders equity or capital Income statements is a report that shows how much revenue a company earned over a specific period, it also shows the companys net earnings and losses. Cash flow statement report a companys inflows and outflows of cash. This is important because a company needs to have enough cash on hand to pay its expenses and purchase assets. While an  income statement  can tell you whether a company made a profit, a cash flow statement can tell you whether the company generated cash. It shows the net increase or decrease in cash for a period. In Residential home, we have enough staff to work in the morning, in the afternoon and at night. We have a monthly staff meeting to raise our concern at work, problems with our colleagues, and suggestions on resident/s care plan, and we also have a separate Senior Carers meeting, the Manager/Owner and the Deputy Manager always presents the Carers the needs of good communication, and team work. We have supervision every 3 months, the manager is giving feedback to identify our strengths and weaknesses, and if they think the staff needs to be trained, and appraisal every 6 months in which we rate ourselves, and the Deputy Manager is rating the staff as well in our performance, we can voice out our own opinion, about the job, colleagues and if we are getting support from the Managers. The company also provided us mandatory training, manuals, booklets, presentation from the lecturer and a questionnaire that we need to answer at the end of the training. Catherine Lodge has a seasonal newsl etter where they introduce new staff member, residents who celebrated their birthday, and about the achievements of the company. A good communication skill is very important, specially working in care settings. Working with vulnerable adults requires more understanding, must have different techniques and strategies use in supporting communication between the individual with specific communication needs. Good communication with vulnerable adult is essential. This includes identifying behaviour triggers, by means of visual prompts and speaking in short, clear sentences. I considered that the social workers used verbal and non-verbal forms of communications and applied the principles of active listening. Some people with disabilities are not able to use speech as their principle means of communication. They may however be able to use an alternative method of communication such as symbols and symbolic languages. It is vital to recognise that symbols are different from pictures. Pictures generally convey a lot of information at once but their focus is often unclear. Symbols, on the other hand, are often designed to convey a particular meaning. Symbols or symbolic languages can be applied to signify many aspects of verbal communication. Symbols can be presented through visual, auditory and/or tactile media and can take the form of gestures, photos, manual signs, printed words, objects, reproduced spoken words or Braille. Symbols help understanding which can increase involvement, choice and confidence. It helps support creativity and self expressions. Using mobile phones at work is strictly prohibited, as it may interfere in whatever the carer is doing or it may cause accident e.g if the Carer is feeding, doing morning care. Some residents may have challenging behaviour that sometimes affects the carer itself, they best react in a calm, quiet environment, Carer must consider the Residents preference, cultural difference, language and environment, assumptions, judging , noise, and distraction. The use of technology helps the care workers by having an easy access by just typing the residents name all his/her information daily report will come out in one click, comparison graph of residentials weight incomparable from past to present will easily available in one click, not unlike if it is just written and filled you have to search for it and check the book where you filed it. Make work a lot easy, report will neat and tidy, because it is easy to edit if you accidentally misspelled. Disadvantage of it is if the computer got virus and/or the system got hacked all the information will wipe out, that will give an extra work for the manager, care workers, and andmin. Code of Practice sets out the minimum standards and guidelines for hygiene, fire building safety, and the level of care required , which aims at ensuring that residents in the homes receive services of acceptable standards that are of benefit to them physically, emotionally and socially. (http://www.swd.gov.hk/doc/downsecdoc/code_rchpd.pdf)I will assess the workplace strategies, policies and procedures that should be in place to ensure good practice in relation to all forms of communication in health and social care setting. The health and social care industry mainly focuses on the heart of care. Since it involves people, communication takes a very important role. Effective communication is not only significant to the health care professionals in ensuring the improvement of clients quality of life by addressing their needs. It is also the clients and support systems right in the promotion of their equality and diversity as people. Workplace strategies, policies, and procedures for good practice in communication focus on ensuring privacy, and confidentiality, disclosure, protection of individuals, rights and responsibilities, and equal opportunities. Moreover, a practice on disciplinary procedures, complaints policy, and flexible working also benefit the entire health care team. If all these flow efficiently, there will be no hindrance in the system of communication. For example, one of our residents had a GP appointment and I escorted her. When we arrived in the GP surgery, the receptionist asks the residents loudly for the reason that I am in the GP surgery in which other patients can hear, there is a break in the policy of ensuring privacy. Whenever I start expressing my concerns at her pace, then I will definitely not have my privacy. It establishes a barrier between us personally and professionally. As a patient, I might start complaining with regards to her action. Effective communication is a key factor in success may it be in work or association. It is always a part of personal and professional progress. Therefore, to master communication skills and techniques is a very important area to develop in each individual. In the given scenario its implication is to render a quality health care service which benefits the service providers and the service users. Data Protection is designed for person responsible for safeguarding the confidentiality of information and of the person giving his or her own information. One of its purposes is to safeguard the fundamental rights of individuals. This act governs the right storage and processing of personal data held in manual records and on computers. Under this act, the rights of the individual are protected by forcing organisations to follow proper and sound practices, known as data principles (DPP). Reporting and recording of information is a vital form of communication needed to ensure the safety of vulnerable adults. Parts of a carers daily routine should include making notes in a care file, as well as using communication books, forms and documents. Make sure that the writing is legible and clear, that is signed and dated, and that where necessary copies are made. http://transparency.dh.gov.uk/dataprotection/information-charter/ Health and Safety inspections are an important monitoring tool to help ensure that workplace hazards are controlled and that risk to employees and others are eliminated or minimised. Inspections should be carried out regularly.  Carers must inspect the equipment/s before using it, report and record all faulty equipment/s to the Manager e.g. heating, lightning, and ventilation. Charter is for anyone who has dealings with the Department of Health whether through correspondence, involvement in public policy consultations or if for any other reason we hold personal information about the resident. Communication and listening gives clues to a better understanding of an individuals preferences and wishes. Gathering information about an individual will lead to creative and supportive ways of providing care. Carers must exercised active listening and having the ability to empathise with the residents by paraphrasing what the others saying to her and understand it. So that, she will increased the trust and gain more information from the individuals. Communication itself is influenced by individuals values and culture. Carers should always make sure of eye contact; focus on what they are saying and acknowledged what is being said to her by paraphrasing or nodding her head. Carers must also use different technique to enhance their social culture, beliefs and values. Like for instances, I usually greets and chat with the individuals by smiling , Carers must apply the sense of touch in her communication. I believes that by means of touch can be a very positive form of communication in that it can provide comfort and re-assurance when someone is distressed making them feel safe and secure, it can also be a signed of love, respect and affection to somebody or it may calm someone who is agitated. In this case carers show that they met the desires of the human beings to their client which are love, purpose and self expression. Carers should be warm and caring in nature and she has the ability to connect well with others. Fine qualities and having a good communication skill plays important role in the delivery of care in whatever ethnicity, sex, education or social care they may be. Saving face is saving your credibility, dignity and ethics by means of being honest, getting out of the situation by means of good explanation. Theories of Organisational communication Attraction- selection attrition framework; In Attraction, everyone is different, people are differently attracted to a career for different reasons, this could be their passion, helping and/or looking after people could make them happy and fulfilled, even if they just want to try different job, and this is depending on their personality to choose the organization they want. In Selection, in organization the Manager chooses who she thinks will qualified for the job, with the same interest, goals, and personal reasons. Attrition, this is the complete opposite of attraction, where the people who didnt qualify, or found that they are not happy with the organization, management, job tend to leave, only those people who have the same ideas, interest, fits in the job chose to stay. A very good example is in the residential home I used to work, Id chose that residential home to apply because of a good reputation. The manager hired me because she thinks have got the qualification they are loo king for, and I can contribute to the organization. I and the other lady started working as a Induction carer, 3 days after the manager talked to me, and told me my colleagues are happy working with me and I can start working as a regular carer, working on my own. The sad part was, the new lady didnt appear two days after. http://www.utwente.nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Public%20Relations,%20Advertising,%20Marketing%20and%20Consumer%20Behavior/Attraction-Selection-Attrition_Framework(ASA).doc/ There are many types of organizational communication. Individuals communicate with peers, superiors, and subordinates within the organization. Managers manage through communication. Employee communication departments attempt to inform and/or secure cooperation; from employees. Labour relations specialists deal with labour unions. Formal and informal communication takes place between departments and role occupants throughout the organization. Public relations specialists communicate to external audiences about the organization in general,and advertising departments communicate to consumers about the organizations products and services. Change agents; and other organizational representatives communicate with clients and community representatives. Finally, organizations communicate with other organizations which generally share common problems or values. In groupthink or team work, a manager or team leader should be sensitive, open to accept suggestions from your subordinates in order t o meet the target goal. Working in groups are building blocks for meeting organization goals.   Managers should also consider ways to develop leadership in team members.   Training for versatility in leadership styles through workshops could encourage this growth.   Encouraging self-growth through concept of motivation. It is very important to have an effective communication at shift turnover; Care workers should give this a high priority. Shift turnover should be included in the safety-critical topics supervised and audited periodically by management. They should identify its importance in policy and procedures, assign responsibilities and set minimum standards. A description of how to conduct an effective handover should be available so individuals can assess and improve their own practice. High risk handovers needing extra attention should be flagged up. The importance of effective communication skills during shift handover and throughout other work activities suggests this attribute should be amongst the selection criteria for key posts. Furthermore, opportunities should be available for existing staff to develop their communication skills if required. To be able to motivate a care worker is to identify his strengths and weaknesses, and by giving him feedback. Being open to accept negative feedback is the key for being productive by improving, and being eager to learn, and update skills. Team work and good communication with one another will make each others work easy. Task 3 Interpersonal communication How the use of ICT in health and social care benefits service users? The Information Communication Technology aims to the efficiency of the health care services. This means to b a better outcome for the same or a lesser use of resources. ICT also helps and empowers the health and social care staff, it improves positive patients experiences and facilities research and development relevant to health and social care, the legal consideration in the use of ICT is the Health and Safety. How the ICT supports and enhances the activities of care workers and care organisations? As aforementioned, the ICT supports and enhances health and social care activities of care workers and care organisations. It is through administrative, financial, clinical, infrastructure applications, etc. That the needs of staff are met; and there is a high regard innovation in business administration, efficiency and quality of service. It also helps in meeting requirement of other agencies, accountability, and audit . For example, the use of a computer screen is an indication of a patients arrival makes the work of the receptionist lighter and easier. Imagine if there was no such thing then the receptionist will have to entertain every person coming in a queue. She will not have enough have time to do other things. Working with vulnerable adult, Professionals must shows different techniques and strategies used in supporting communication between the individual with specific communication needs. Good communication with people with vulnerable adult is essential. This includes identifying behaviour triggers, by means of visual prompts and speaking in short, clear sentences. I considered that the carers must use verbal and non-verbal forms of communications and applied the principles of active listening. Some people with disabilities are not able to use speech as their principle means of communication. They may however be able to use an alternative method of communication such as symbols and body language. It is vital to recognise that symbols are different from pictures. Pictures generally convey a lot of information at once but their focus is often unclear. Symbols, on the other hand, are often designed to convey a particular meaning. Symbols or body language can be applied to signify many aspect s of verbal communication. Symbols can be presented through visual, auditory and/or tactile media and can take the form of gestures, photos, manual signs, printed words, objects, reproduced spoken words or Braille. Symbols help understanding which can increase involvement, choice and confidence; it helps support creativity and self expressions. Theories of Interpersonal Communication Uncertainty reduction model People have an urge or need to reduce uncertainty about individuals that they find attractive and this motivates them to communicate In Social network theory closeness develops if people proceed in gradual and orderly fashion from superficial to more intimate levels of exchange. People consciously and deliberately weigh the costs and rewards associated with a relationship and seek relationships that reward them and avoid those that are costly. People connect with others because they believe that rewards or positive outcomes will result. Expectancy value model People believe according to their expectations, and evaluation. The behaviours they perform in response to their beliefs and values are undertaken to achieve some end. However, although expectancy-value theory can be used to explain central concepts in uses and gratifications research, there are other factors that influence the process.  Attribution theory is significantly driven by motivational dri ves, looking at how the person constructs the meaning of an event based on the persons motives to find cause on persons surroundings. Personal development planning is the lifelong process of nurturing, shaping, and updating persons knowledge. It is about allowing individuals to improve and develop in line with the industry in which they engage or aspire to engage. It is about widening or broadening their knowledge and skills in order that they will continue to have a place in the flatter structures of todays organisations. The benefits of personal development planning are that it provides a schedule to work to motivate the individual and suggests a framework for monitoring and evaluating achievements. A good example is If you are currently working as a first line manager or senior administrator and aspire to the position of your manager, you may need to acquire new skills or develop your lower level skills to a higher level in, for example, budgeting, managing people, performance review, report writing and chairing meetings. You would need to planhow you are going to acquire these skills and over what time frame. Personal development planning can also be the basis for: Assessing where you want to be and how you can get there ,keeping skills up-to-date through meetings, trainings, reading the record book of the residents, updating it via computer, particularly in IT and technical areas, Continuous learning, gaining satisfaction from achievements through feedback from colleagues and management whether it is formal or informal, Building up transferable skills, such as time management, adaptability to change, self-awareness, and supporting future employability. You have to set yourself a SMART objective; they must be attainable, viable and realistic time-frame. A good example of SMART objective is; Within the next 12 months (time-bound), I will devise and implement a system (specific) which will enable the team to communicate more effectively with each other (achievable and realistic) through monthly group meetings and three-monthly one-to-one meetings (measurable).